In 1992, cardiologist Dr. Robert Atkins revives Banting’s blueprint with Dr. Atkins’ New Diet Revolution,a low-carb, high-protein, high-fat diet. By 2003, Atkins is a billion-dollar empire, and low-carb dominates grocery aisles.
Then comes the backlash: heart-health concerns, nutrient deficiencies, metabolic oversimplification, and ultimately bankruptcy by 2005.
Ketogenic (“keto”) and paleolithic (“paleo”) diets boom in popularity, each with a heavy emphasis on protein. Keto focuses once again on low-carb, mimicking the metabolic effects of fasting in the body. Paleo diets promise a return to pre-agriculture purity, excluding grains, legumes, dairy, and processed foods, and instead focusing on lean meats, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds.
Each diet promised to fix what the last one broke.